Patient potential donor organs in intensive care unit: systematic review literature for a clinical protocol

Abstract

Objectives: To analyze the existing scientific literature to determine the best evidence about the actions of the intensive care nurse by the patient organ donor in order to propose a clinical protocol with the attitudes and actions that nurses must carry through this course of his professional practice . Methods: following descriptors: "Patient Safety", "Donor organs," "Tissue and Organ Procurement", "Brain Death", "nursing care". Results: In the case of evidence, it is possible to point out that the professional should be aware of physiological changes in the body such as hypotension, followed by hypothermia, hypernatremia, hyperglycemia, infection and corneal ulcers after brain death due to impaired vitality of the body, and which generates, consequently, the disempowerment donor. From this, the nurse must establish a care plan systematized in order to assess the patient's condition and maintenance measures of body homeostasis. Conclusions: This study brought as a result the clinical protocol based on physiological changes in the body and plan of care that nurses, along with the team, is to implement so that the vitality of possible organ transplant is preserved. And it showed with concrete the need to promote the continuing education of professionals involved, in order to standardize the procedures adopted, as well as offering psychological support to professionals and families, in order to ease tensions and provide a suitable environment for the donation process.
Keywords: Patient Safety; Tissue Donors; Obtaining Tissue and Organ; Brain Death; Nursing care.