Risks of aspiration in patients in the of therapy intensive – sistematic literature review

Abstract

Abstract: Endotracheal aspiration is a procedure performed with great frequency in critically ill patients, which can cause serious risks to the patient if it is not performed with criteria. The objective of this research is to identify the scientific production of nursing using the PICO strategy to perform the best available evidence to prevent the risk of aspiration in the patient in an intensive care unit. Methodology: This study was carried out through a computerized bibliographical research in a virtual environment, being a systematized literature review. Ten articles from national and international nursing journals from 2010 to 2015 were selected as data sources that met the inclusion criteria of this study. Responding to the clinical question: The best nursing intervention found is: There is no single intervention for this procedure but a set of interventions more adequate for risk minimization, ie maintaining high head, aspiration of secretions, use of individual equipment Adequate hygiene, measure gastric residue and keep the cuff of the tracheal cannula inflated. Conclusion: This study based on scientific evidence was of great importance for nurses of the intensive care unit and for the critical patient, since it provided knowledge and identification of the risk factors for the improvement of critical patient care.