Pressure injuries caused by medical devices from the perspective of nurses’ actions – Systematized Literature Review

Michele Trajano Morais, Isabel Cruz

Abstract


Objective: Pressure injury (PPI) occurs as any damage to the skin, muscles and subcutaneous tissue caused by prolonged pressure that leads to occlusion of local blood flow. This results in tissue ischemia, impairing the supply of oxygen and nutrients to tissues. The injury can also be caused by friction, when two surfaces are in friction, and by shear, which is the interaction between gravity and friction, causing the destruction of small vessels and interrupting local blood flow. On the other hand, medical device-related pressure ulcers (UPRDM) originate from the pressure exerted by devices used for medical diagnosis and treatment purposes. The objective of this review study was to identify protocols for preventing pressure injuries derived from medical devices in patients admitted to intensive care units. Method: This is a systematic review of the literature carried out in the SciELo databases; Pubmed; VHL; Cochrane and specialized nursing journals, between June and July 2023, using the PICOT strategy. Results: 18 articles were selected that directly addressed pressure injuries caused by medical devices, highlighting their prevalence in ICU patients. Conclusion: The literature converges on the importance of formal nurse education, through training and workshops, to improve the early detection of injuries and improve the quality of life of ICU patients. The main causes are highlighted, with emphasis on injuries associated with mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, the areas most susceptible to LPRDM are the nose, mouth and ears, aggravated by the use of fixators.

Keywords: Medical device pressure injury. Pressure injury. Intensive care unit. Nursing.

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References


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URN: http://www.jsncare.uff.br/index.php/jsncareurn:nbn:de:1983-4152jsncare.v16i1.35419

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