Nurses’ performance on preventing the risk of infection caused by the use of central venous catheter in the highly complex customer - Dressing a systematic review of the literature.

Abstract

Abstract: The choice of the theme risk related to central venous catheter (CVC) infection in highly complex client was based on the facts of the nurse be responsible for carrying out the sterile dressing and that the dressing is an effective means of protecting the colonization of the insertion site by bacteria and an important tool for the reduction of the bloodstream infection. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the literature to guide the nurse about the best dressing for the CVC. Method: Literature review conducted through electronic search in databases and virtual libraries, understood in the period 2009 to 2014. We selected 10 articles, 6 and 4 foreign national, as the sample to be analyzed. The results were analyzed in relation to studies that fitted the theme of evidence-based practice. Results: The dressing with gauze and tape has greater absorption of exudate, presents possibility of developing local reaction in the contact areas of the tape with skin and your exchange must be made less than or equal to 48 hours; the transparent film should be changed every 7 days, has good acceptance for being impervious to personal hygiene, offers better visualization of the ostium and is impractical for patients with profuse sweating; the use of chlorhexidine impregnated dressing is associated with cases of hypersensitivity, skin maceration and hyperemia, presents conflicting results regarding prevention of infection associated with CVC. Conclusion: The literature review on the subject revealed inconsistency studies about the best type of dressing to prevent the risk of infection related to CVC in critically ill patients. However, the available studies guide the intensive care nurses, who are responsible for evaluating the ostium of the puncture, choose the best dressing for specificity / individuality of each patient.